Input and Output in C (printf and scanf)

 Introduction:-

Input and Output are important concepts in C programming.

Input allows the user to enter data, and output displays the result on the screen.

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In C, input and output are handled using functions like printf() and scanf().

Output in C – printf()

The printf() function is used to display output on the screen.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

    printf("Hello World");

    return 0;

}

~This program prints “Hello World” on the screen.

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Input in C – scanf():-

The scanf() function is used to take input from the user.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

    int age;

    scanf("%d", &age);

    printf("Your age is %d", age);

    return 0;

}

This program:

• Takes age as input
• Stores it in a variable
• Prints it on the screen

Format Specifiers in C:-

Format specifiers tell the compiler what type of data is being used.

Data Type | Format Specifier

              int | %d

           float | %f

           char | %c

         string | %s

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Why Input and Output Are Important:-

• Makes programs interactive
• Allows user data processing
• Essential for real-world applications

Conclusion:-

Understanding printf() and scanf() is necessary for writing interactive C programs.

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•After mastering this topic, you can move to operators and expressions.